University of York
Mathematics

Modern physics describes nature through two complementary theories: General Relativity (GR)---which governs large-scale gravitational phenomena---and Quantum Field Theory (QFT), which describes the microscopic world. These are believed to be limiting cases of a more fundamental theory, quantum gravity. While this unified theory remains elusive, semiclassical gravity (SCG) provides a powerful framework for studying quantum effects in curved spacetimes. Black Holes (BH), which evaporate via Hawking radiation, serve as ideal laboratories for testing the interplay between QFT and gravity.

A central puzzle in this domain is the black hole information loss problem. Hawking radiation is thermal and carries no quantum information (QI), raising a critical question: What happens to the QI of matter that forms a BH? Resolving this puzzle is essential for reconciling quantum theory with gravity.

This proposal addresses the problem using the partner mode framework, a novel approach I co-developed to rigorously analyze quantum correlations in QFTs. The project focuses on two objectives:

1. Understanding quantum correlations during BH formation and evolution
2. Exploring semiclassical effects in quantum measurement protocols near BHs

This research employs a hierarchy of analytically tractable models that isolate key features of astrophysical BHs, such as event horizons, inner horizons, and ergoregions. These models will reveal how quantum correlations evolve during BH formation, within BH interiors, and under rotation.

Additionally, this research leverages advances in relativistic measurement theory to model how quantum measurements backreact near horizons and regions of high curvature. This approach will refine SCG, providing deeper insights into quantum processes in extreme environments.

Hosted at the University of York, home to the UK's strongest group in SCG, rigorous QFT, and relativistic QI, the project will benefit from collaboration with world-leading experts such as Dr. Juárez-Aubry and Prof. Fewster. Beyond its scientific impact, the project emphasizes public engagement through STEM outreach programs, aiming to inspire underrepresented groups in science.

By combining cutting-edge QI techniques with SCG, this research advances our understanding of quantum correlations in BHs and addresses fundamental questions about the fate of QI in the universe.