Quantitative MRI of the Breast Parenchyma to Improve Detection and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Perspectum
University of Oxford
Isobel is developing a novel way of detecting and diagnosing breast cancer through less invasive and more effective means. One in every eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime and it is the single most common cancer in the UK, with numbers continuing to rise each year. Detecting breast cancer early is the most effective way to reduce mortality yet the current use of mammography in cancer screening has substantial limitations, particularly for pre-menopausal women. MRI scanning is seen as a superior diagnostic technique, but it still suffers from several significant downsides: contrast agents which cause unpleasant side effects must be injected into the patient, the interpretation of results remains largely qualitative and relies on clinicians’ experience, and women must lie for extended periods of time in an uncomfortable position on their front.
Through her project, Isobel hopes to develop quantitative, non-contrast MRI methodologies, which will eliminate the side effects caused by contrast agents, including nausea and kidney complications. Reporting quantitative results will reduce the variability that occurs in cancer diagnosis, which currently relies on visual detection of irregularities. By using multiple MR parameters in this quantitative approach, Isobel aims to characterise different breast lesions with high specificity and enable personalised patient care. Additionally, research to date has focused on identifying and characterising tumours rather than assessing the breast as a whole. It is therefore anticipated that by applying these quantitative techniques to the breast tissue, the health of the whole breast can be evaluated. This has the potential to detect early changes to the breast tissue indicative of cancer, resulting in earlier cancer diagnoses, and to allow for measurement of the response of the breast to treatment. Patient comfort will also be at the forefront of Isobel’s work, exploring new methods to perform scans with patients lying on their back to reduce the discomfort and indignity of certain current diagnostic procedures.